Green hydrogen, potential and challenges: a literature review
Keywords:
green hydrogen, renewable energy, energy transition.Abstract
Green hydrogen is emerging as a promising solution for global decarbonization, produced by water electrolysis using renewable energy, without carbon emissions. This article aims to analyze the characteristics, advantages and challenges of green hydrogen as a sustainable energy vector, based on recent scientific evidence, highlighting its potential to contribute to decarbonization and energy security. The results highlight its potential in sectors that are difficult to decarbonize, such as heavy transport and industry, as well as its role in the storage of renewable energy. Among the challenges, high production costs and technological limitations still prevent its large-scale adoption. It is concluded that public policies, investments and innovations are essential to make green hydrogen viable as a pillar of the sustainable energy transition.
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