Bone fractures: biological complexity and therapeutic advances with nanotechnology
Keywords:
Fracture, Bone formation, NanoparticleAbstract
Bone fractures represent a significant public health challenge, especially in contexts of population aging and increasing high-energy trauma. Bone repair is a complex biological process involving multiple cell types, molecular signaling, and interactions with the tissue microenvironment. Given the limitations of traditional treatment methods, such as autologous or synthetic grafts, nanotechnology emerges as a promising alternative. This review discusses the cellular mechanisms of osteogenesis, the difficulties faced in cases of complex fractures, and the therapeutic advances associated with the use of bioactive nanoparticles as tools to stimulate bone regeneration.
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